Восхождение денег
Шрифт:
40 H. Montgomery Hyde, John Law: The History of an Honest Adventurer (Fondon, 1969). P. 83.
41 Earl J. Hamilton, Trices and Wages at Paris under John Faw’s System’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 51, 1 (November 1936). P. 43.
42 Davis, ‘Faw’s System’. P. 300.
43 Ibid., p. 305.
44 Thomas E. Kaiser, ‘Money, Despotism, and Public Opinion in Early Eighteenth-Century Finance: John Faw and the Debate on Royal Credit’, Journal of Modern History, 63, 1 (March 1991). P. 6.
45 Max J. Wasserman and Frank H. Beach, ‘Some Neglected Monetary Theories of John Faw’, American Economic Review, 24,4 (December 1934). P. 653.
46 James Macdonald, A Free Nation Deep in Debt: The Financial Roots of Democracy (New York, 2003). P. 192.
47 Kaiser, ‘Money’. P. 12.
48 Ibid., p. 18.
49 Hamilton, ‘Prices and Wages’. P. 47.
50 Davis, ‘Faw’s System’. P. 317.
51 Antoin E. Murphy, John Law: Economic Theorist and Policy-Maker (Oxford, 1997). P. 233.
52 Hamilton, ‘Prices and Wages’. P. 55.
53 Murphy, John Law. P. 201.
54 Ibid., p. 190.
55 Cm.: Tarry Neal, The Rise of Financial Capitalism: International Capital Markets in the Age of Reason (Cambridge, 1990). P. 74.
56 Kaiser, ‘Money’. P. 22.
57
58 Murphy, John Law. P. 213.
59 Ibid., p. 205.
60 Lord Wharncliffe (ed.), The Letters and Works of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (Paris, 1837). P. 321.
61 Earl J. Hamilton, ‘John Law of Lauriston: Banker, Gamester, Merchant, Chief?’, American Economic Review, 57, 2 (May 1967). P. 273.
62 Murphy, John Law. Pp. 201–202.
63 Hamilton, ‘John Law’. P. 276.
64 Murphy, John Law. P. 239. См. также: Hamilton, ‘Prices and Wages’. P. 60.
65 Kaiser, ‘Money’. Pp. 16, 20.
66 Ibid., p. 22.
67 Murphy, John Law. P. 235.
68 Ibid., p. 250.
69 Hyde, Law. P. 159.
70 Schama, Embarrassment of Riches. Pp. 366ff.
71 Ibid., pp. 367!!.
72 По-разному раскрывают эту историю работы: Neal, Financial Capitalism. P. 89–117; Edward Chancellor, Devil Take the Hindmost; A History of Financial Speculation (London, 1999). Pp. 58–95.
73 Chancellor, Devil Take the Hindmost. P. 64.
74 Ibid., p. 84.
75 Neal, Financial Capitalism. Pp.. 90, liiff. Как заметил Нил, инвестор, который приобрел бы акции компании Южных морей в начале 1720-го и продал
76 Julian Hoppitt, The Myths of the South Sea Bubble’, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 12 (2002). Pp. 141–165.
77 Tom Nicholas, ‘Trouble with a Bubble’, Harvard Business School Case N9-807-146 (28.2.2007). P. 1.
78 William L. Silber, When Washington Shut Down Wall Street: The Great Financial Crisis of 1914 and the Origins of America's Monet-ary Supremacy (Princeton, 2006).
79 Niall Ferguson, ‘Political Risk and the International Bond Market between the 1848 Revolution and the Outbreak of the First World War’, Economic History Review, 59, 1 (February 2006). Pp. 70-112.
80 New York Times, 23.10.1929.
81 Nicholas, Trouble with a Bubble’. P. 4.
82 Ibid., p. 6.
83 Chancellor, Devil Take the Hindmost. Pp. 199H.
84 Cm.: Milton Friedman and Anna J. Schwartz, A Monetary History of the United States, 1867–1960 (Princeton, 1963). P. 299–419. Главу “Великое сжатие” следует внести в списки обязательной литературы для всех практиков финансового дела.
85 Ibid., р. 309. Прочитайте сноску, и вам станет ясно, почему ФРС незамедлительно вмешалась и позволила JP Morgan купить Bear Stearns в марте 2007 года.
86 Ibid., р. 315.
87 Ibid., р. 317.
88 Ibid., р. 396.
89 Ibid., р. 325.
90 Ibid., р. 328.
91 US Department of Commerce Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States: Colonial Times to 1970 (Washington, DC, 1975). P. 1019.
92 Barry Eichengreen, Golden Fetters: The Gold Standard and the Great Depression, 1919–1939 (New York / Oxford, 1992). См. его же статью: The Origins and Nature of the Great Slump Revisited’, Economic History Review, 45, 2 (May 1992). Pp. 213–239.
93 См., к примеру: Ben S. Bernanke, The Macroeconomics of the Great Depression: A Comparative Approach’, NBER Working Paper 4814 (August 1994).
94 Hyman P. Minsky, ‘Introduction: Can «It» Happen Again? A Reprise’, in idem (ed.), Inflation, Recession and Economic Policy (Brighton, 1982). P. xi.
95 Индекс падал на 10 % и больше по итогам 23 из 113 лет его существования.
96 См.: Nicholas Brady, James С Cotting, Robert G. Kirby, John R. Opel and Howard M. Stein, Report of the Presidential Task Force on Market Mechanisms, submitted to the President of the United States, the Secretary of the Treasury and the Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board (Washington, DC, January 1988). Внимание историка привлекает сравнение с 1929 годом; см.: приложение VIII. Рр. 1-13.